Immunological effect of co-trimoxazole on platelets.

Diminished survival of transfused platelets occurred in two patients given co-trimoxazole, and a third patient taking this drug developed thrombocytopenia. By means of an indirect immunofluorescence assay antibodies against donor platelets coated with co-trimoxazole were found in the sera in all cases. These antibodies were directed against the trimethoprim component of co-trimoxazole and not against sulphamethoxazole. Co-trimoxazole is a potent antimicrobial agent and is advocated for treatment and prophylaxis in leukaemia. Hence its adverse effect on platelets is of great importance.